Definition of Crystallized Intelligence in Psychology

There are many things we can do to improve our fluid intelligence. By training and trying new and challenging activities, we challenge our brains, which helps us improve our fluid reasoning skills. However, the research implies that careful selection of texts from relevant knowledge areas can allow Test C to also measure the factual knowledge component of crystallized intelligence. It`s not about mental intelligence. It is a question of mental form. Experience and education both help form a framework of your crystallized intelligence. This means dating friends, traveling the world, taking a dance class, graduating, and even watching TV are ways to increase your level of crystallized intelligence. Anything that gives you experience or a bank of information to tap into will make you even smarter in crystallized intelligence. This allows you to keep improving pretty easily, because you can do anything and you will help yourself in the long run, but you may not be quite sure what you want to do to improve your intelligence. As you get older, you continue to improve in crystallized intelligence, but what if you try to improve this type of intelligence even more? Well, the best thing to do is to look for additional ways to train and educate your brain in order to develop a stronger, more complex “database” that includes a lot of different information.

So what could you do to get even more information? Pretty much anything you want. Fluids and crystallized intelligence are constructions originally designed by Raymond Cattell. [1] The concepts of liquid and crystallized intelligence were developed by Cattell and his former student John L. Corne. [5] [6] [2] Before we talk about the role this type of intelligence plays in our lives, let`s take a look at what fluid intelligence really is and what makes it so different from crystallized intelligence. It was long believed that liquid intelligence peaked in the late 20s before gradually declining (Cacioppo, Freberg 2012). The decline in fluid intelligence is likely related to the deterioration of neurological function, but may also decrease as it is used less often in old age. The researchers linked the theory of fluid and crystallized abilities to Piaget`s theory of cognitive development. [8] [9] Piaget`s fluid abilities and operational intelligence concern both logical thinking and “relationship formation” (a term used by Cattell to refer to the conclusion of relationships). Piaget`s crystallized abilities and management of daily learning reflect the impression of the experience. Like the relationship of fluid ability to crystallized intelligence, Piaget`s operationality is considered to predate everyday learning and ultimately forms its basis. [9] The use of crystallized intelligence involves the retrieval of already existing information and skills.

For example, knowing how to ride a bike or reading a book. The theory of liquid and crystallized intelligence suggests that there are two different types of intelligence. Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to argue and solve problems in unique and new situations, while crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use knowledge gained through past learning or experience. General intelligence encapsulates correlations between different cognitive tasks, which can be divided into two subdivisions (Cattell, 1971). These are fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence. Horn, J. L. (1968). Organization of skills and development of intelligence.

Psychological Review, 75(3), 242-259. These verbal tests include comprehension, information, number range, vocabulary, similarities, and arithmetic (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised). Most of these verbal tests are widely considered to be capable of measuring crystallized intelligence. However, this is not the case for liquid intelligence, as fluid intelligence is known to decrease with age. In recent years, however, psychologists have discovered that liquid intelligence is not set in stone, as previously thought. Qiu, F., Wei, Q., Zhao, L., & Lin, L. (2009, December). Study aimed at improving fluid intelligence through a cognitive training system based on Gabor stimuli. 2009 First International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (pp.

3459-3462). IEEE. Until recently, liquid intelligence was something believed to be set in stone. Research suggests that brain training may improve some aspects of fluid intelligence, even in the elderly. Geary, D.C. (2005). The origin of the mind: evolution of the brain, cognition and general intelligence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association If we take a look at liquid vs.

Crystallized intelligence, we will find that there are many differences between these two types of intelligence. They change and react differently with age. They develop in different ways and we use them in different everyday situations. Crystallized intelligence involves knowledge that comes from previous experiences and previous experiences. Situations that require crystallized intelligence include reading comprehension and vocabulary exams. In the enterprise environment, fluid intelligence is a predictor of a person`s ability to perform well in environments characterized by complexity, uncertainty, and ambiguity. The Cognitive Process Profile (CPP) measures a person`s fluid intelligence and cognitive processes. He compares them to appropriate working environments according to Elliott Jaques` theory of laminated systems.

[18] Therefore, we can measure crystallized intelligence through vocabulary, grammar, reading comprehension and other similar tests, as well as quizzes, game shows and quizzes. There are many people who have heard of the term but are still not sure of the true crystallized definition of intelligence. Since crystallized intelligence is known to improve over time and remain stable with age, it is generally accepted that education and experience increase crystallized intelligence (Cavanaugh and Blanchard-Fields, 2006). However, the fluid intelligence approach was characterized by complexity. Horn JL, Cattell RB. Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence. Acta Psychologica. 1967;26:107-129.

doi:10.1016/0001-6918(67)90011-x We use fluid intelligence when we encounter new, often non-verbal tasks such as math problems and puzzles. Fluid intelligence also plays a role in the creative process, for example when someone takes a brush or pinches it on a piano without any prior training. People often claim that their intelligence decreases with age. However, research suggests that while liquid intelligence decreases after adolescence, crystallized intelligence continues to increase into adulthood. We`ve covered what crystallized and fluid intelligences are, how they differ, and how you can improve each of them. The main thing to keep in mind is that no matter how smart you are and to what extent, you can still train your brain and develop your mental abilities. As he explained in his 1987 book Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action, Cattell called the ability to reason fluid intelligence because it “has the `fluid` quality of being focused on almost any problem.” He called the acquisition of knowledge crystallized intelligence because it is “invested in the special areas of crystallized abilities that can be individually disrupted without affecting others.” Unlike the crystallized approach to solving the problem, Horn provided an invented example of a fluid approach to solving the problem, one that does not depend on learning algebra at the secondary level. In his invented example, Horn described a boy who is too young to go to high school, but who could solve the problem by applying fluid ability: “He can argue that if half of the two-legged people are without shoes and all the others (an even number) are on one leg, then the shoes must have an average of one per person.

and the answer is 100. Psychologist Raymond Cattell first proposed the concepts of liquid and crystallized intelligence and developed the theory with his student John Horn. The cattell-horn theory of liquid and crystallized intelligence suggests that intelligence consists of various abilities that interact and work together to create individual global intelligence. Thus, liquid intelligence and crystallized intelligence are intimately linked. Crystallized intelligence is formed by the investment of fluid intelligence when information is learned. By using fluid intelligence to think and reflect on problems, the information can then be transferred to long-term memory so that it can become part of crystallized intelligence.